Northern Mindanao All Income Households

Regional inflation decreased to 1.8 percent in February 2025 from 2.9 percent in the previous month. The inflation rate in February 2024 was higher at 3.4 percent. (Table A and Figure 1)

Table A. Year-on-Year Inflation Rates for All Items, Northern Mindanao:
February 2024, January 2025, and February 2025
(In percent, 2018=100)

Source: Retail Price Survey of Commodities for the Generation of Consumer Price Index,
Philippine Statistics Authority.

Source: Retail Price Survey of Commodities for the Generation of Consumer Price Index,
Philippine Statistics Authority.

By Commodity Group

Month-on-month, inflation was lower in February 2025 in the following commodity groups (Table B):

1. food and non-alcoholic beverages at 0.6 percent;
2. alcoholic beverages and tobacco at 6.4 percent;
3. clothing and footwear at 1.9 percent;
4. furnishings, household equipment, and routine household maintenance at 3.0 percent;
5. health at 3.7 percent;
6. transport at 3.1 percent; and
7. recreation, sport, and culture at 3.3 percent.

On the other hand, uptrends were observed in the inflation of the following commodity groups: housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels at 2.0 percent; information and communication at 0.5 percent; restaurants and accommodation services at 4.0 percent; and personal care, and miscellaneous goods and services at 3.2 percent.

Further, education services and financial services had unchanged inflation rates.

Food and non-alcoholic beverages with 68.8 percent share was the major contributor to the downtrend of inflation in February 2025.

Table B. Inflation Rate by Commodity Group for All Income Households,
Northern Mindanao: February 2024, January 2025, and February 2025
(In percent, 2018=100)

Regional food inflation decreased to 0.5 percent from 2.3 percent in the previous month. Further, the regional food inflation in February 2025 was slower than the recorded food inflation a year ago at 5.9 percent. (Table C)

The inflation rates of the following sub-classes under the food commodity group decelerated in February 2025 when compared to the previous month: cereal and cereal products at -2.4 percent; fish and other seafood at -3.5 percent; fruits and nuts at 14.0 percent; vegetables, tubers, plantains, cooking bananas, and pulses at 1.1 percent; and ready-made food and other food products n.e.c. at 1.8 percent.

On the other hand, accelerated inflation rates were observed in the following:

1. meat and other parts of slaughtered land animals at 4.7 percent;
2. milk, other dairy products, and eggs at 7.1 percent; and
3. sugar, confectionery, and desserts at 0.0 percent.

In February 2025, the inflation rate for flour, bread, and other bakery products, and other cereals, remained steady at 0.1 percent. Rice inflation declined, reaching -4.4 percent, suggesting that rice prices dropped. Corn inflation, however, was still increasing but at a slower pace, recorded at 4.2 percent.

The major contributors to the downtrend of inflation of the food commodity group 
was cereals and cereal products with 71.2 percent share.

Table C. Inflation Rate of Food Items for All Income Households, Northern Mindanao:
February 2024, January 2025, and February 2025
(In percent, 2018=100)

Northern Mindanao Bottom 30% Income Households

The regional inflation rate for the bottom 30% income households dropped to 1.8 percent in February 2025, down from 3.2 percent in the previous month. In comparison, the inflation rate for these households was higher at 4.0 percent in February 2024.

Food and non-alcoholic beverages, accounting for 76.7 percent of the total share, was the primary driver of the inflation decline for the bottom 30% income households in February 2025.

Moreover, regional food inflation for the bottom 30% income households declined to 0.6 percent in February 2025 from 2.7 percent in the previous month. Additionally, this was slower than the 6.4 percent food inflation recorded in February 2024.

Provinces and HUCs in Region X

All Items

All the provinces and HUCs in the region recorded lower inflation rates in February 2025 compared to the previous month: Bukidnon (0.7%), Camiguin (2.5%), Lanao del Norte (0.2%), Misamis Occidental (1.7%), Misamis Oriental (3.8%), Iligan City (1.3%), and Cagayan de Oro City (2.1%). (Table A)

Year-on-year, all the provinces and HUCs in the region had higher inflation rates in February 2024 compared to February 2025.

Cagayan de Oro City (30.3%) is the major contributor to the downtrend of the regional inflation in February 2025.

Food Items

All the provinces and HUCs of except for the province of Camiguin, had decelerated food inflation rates in February 2025 compared to the previous month. (Table D)

Year-on-year, all the provinces and HUCs in the region had higher food inflation rates in February 2024 compared to February 2025.

Further, Cagayan de Oro City (34.2%) made the largest contribution to the downtrend of the regional food inflation.

Table D. Inflation Rate of Food Items for All Income Households by Province/HUC, Northern Mindanao:
February 2024, January 2025, and February 2025
(In percent, 2018=100)

(SGD.) JANITH C. AVES, CE, DM
Regional Director
SBB/ASC

For further inquiries, you may contact:

Statistical Operations and Coordination Division
Philippine Statistics Authority Regional Statistical Service Office 10
Limketkai Module-2 BPO & Cyberpark Bldg.,
Rosario Crescent, Limketkai Center, Cagayan de Oro City
Email: rsso10@psa.gov.ph
Telephone: (088) 291 1672; 0917 821 9152

TECHNICAL NOTES

Consumer Price Index (CPI) – The CPI is an indicator of the changes in the average retail prices of a fixed basket of goods and services commonly purchased by households relative to a base year.
 

Used of CPI – CPI is most widely used in the calculation of the inflation rate and purchasing power of peso. It is a major statistical series used for economic analysis and as a monitoring indicator of government economic policy.

Computation of CPI – The computation of the CPI involves consideration of the following important points: 

1. Base Period – The reference data or base period is the benchmark or reference date or period at which the index is taken as equal to100.

2. Market Basket – A sample of the thousands of varieties of goods purchased for consumption and services availed by the households in the country selected to represent the composite price behavior of all goods and services purchased by consumers.

3. Weighing System – The weighing pattern uses the expenditures on various consumer items purchased by households as a proportion to total expenditure.

4. Formula – The formula used in computing the CPI is the weighted arithmetic mean of price relatives, the Laspeyre’s formula with a fixed base year period (2018) weights.

5. Geographic Coverage – CPI values are computed at the national, regional, and provincial levels, and for selected cities. 

Inflation Rate (IR) – is the rate of change of the CPI expressed in percent. Inflation is interpreted in terms of declining purchasing power of peso. 

Purchasing Power of Peso (PPP) – shows how much the peso in the base period is worth in the current period. It is computed as the reciprocal of the CPI for the period under review multiplied by 100.